Surprising Facts about Jordan: Know Before You Go

Jordan, a country located in the Middle East, captivates travellers with its rich history and culture. From the ancient city of Petra, one of the new seven wonders of the world, to the surreal landscapes of Wadi Rum and the therapeutic depths of the Dead Sea, Jordan offers a diverse array of experiences.

To help inspire your trip to this incredible country and to provide context for your journey, we've dug up nine interesting facts about Jordan to help. These facts about Jordan will help you understand the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and make your trip even more engaging.

We will also attempt to answer some of the most frequently asked questions about visiting the site, including:

What is Mansaf, and why is it Jordan's national dish? What are some of the most important sites in Jordan? What are some essential tips for visiting Jordan? - more.

9 Interesting Facts About Jordan

Jordan is a small country, but it packs a powerful punch. Here are nine interesting facts about Jordan:

• Petra: A Rose-Red Wonder: Petra the city of Petra, is one of the most interesting ancient cities in the world. Carved into sandstone cliffs by the Nabataean civilisation, it is one of the seven wonders of the world and one of the New Seven Wonders. The city, featured in Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade, showcases intricate architecture and a history dating back to the early Bronze Age. Petra is one of the sites in Jordan that attracts many tourists.
• The Dead Sea: Earth's Lowest Point: The Dead Sea, bordering Jordan, the West Bank, and Israel, is the lowest point on Earth. Its high salt concentration allows you to float effortlessly, and its Dead Sea mud is renowned for its therapeutic properties. The Dead Sea is one of the most interesting natural attractions in Jordan. 
• Amman: A City of Ancient Origins: Amman, the capital city of Jordan, is one of the oldest cities continuously inhabited. Amman is one of the oldest and most fascinating cities in the Middle East. It has a rich history dating back to 7500 BC. Amman is one of the sites that Jordan includes. The statue within Amman is a notable landmark.
• Mansaf: Jordan's National Dish: Mansaf, Jordan's national dish, is a traditional Jordanian dish made with lamb cooked in a fermented, dried yoghurt sauce, served with rice or bulgur and topped with pine nuts. Mansaf is the national dish of Jordan.
• Wadi Rum: A Martian Landscape: Wadi Rum, a protected desert wilderness in southern Jordan, features dramatic sandstone mountains and red sand. Wadi Rum is one of the most interesting places to visit in Jordan. Lawrence of Arabia spent time here during the Arab Revolt.
• The Jordan Trail: A Historic Route: The Jordan Trail, stretching over 650 kilometres from north to south, offers hikers a chance to walk across diverse landscapes. It takes about 40 days to walk across the trail.
• A History of Borders and Peace: Jordan shares borders with Syria, Saudi Arabia, the West Bank and Israel. The history of Jordan is complex, including the establishment of the Emirate of Transjordan in 1921 under British mandate. Jordan became independent in 1946, and Jordan joined the UN in 1955. Jordan signed a peace treaty with Israel in 1994.
• A Place of Religious Significance: Jordan is home to numerous sites of religious significance, including the Jordan River, where Jesus is believed to have been baptized. Jordan has three distinct geographical regions: the Jordan Valley, the mountain highlands, and the desert region.
• A Blend of Cultures: Jordanian culture is a blend of Bedouin traditions and modern influences. The Jordanian people are known for their hospitality and warmth. Jordan is one of the most welcoming countries in the Arab world.

What is the history of Petra?

Petra's history is deeply rooted in the Nabataean civilisation, a skilled trading people who first settled the area around the 6th century BC. They ingeniously carved their city into the sandstone cliffs, creating a network of tombs, temples, and dwellings. Petra flourished as a vital trading hub, connecting Arabia, Egypt, and the Mediterranean.

The city's strategic location and advanced water management systems allowed it to prosper for centuries. The Roman Empire annexed Petra in 106 AD, leaving behind Greco-Roman ruins at Gadara, adding to the city's architectural diversity.

Over time, as trade routes shifted, Petra gradually declined, eventually becoming lost to the Western world until its rediscovery in 1812. Today, Petra stands as a powerful testament to the Nabataeans' ingenuity and is recognised as one of the seven wonders of the world, drawing visitors from across the globe.

Why is the Dead Sea the lowest point on Earth?

The Dead Sea's unique status as the lowest point on Earth stems from its location within the Jordan Rift Valley, a geological depression created by the separation of the African and Arabian tectonic plates. This rift extends from Syria to the Red Sea, with the Dead Sea situated at its lowest point, approximately 430 meters below sea level.

The sea's extreme salinity, about 34%, is a result of water flowing into it from the Jordan River and other smaller tributaries but having no outlet. Evaporation, particularly intense in the hot, arid climate, concentrates the salts and minerals, making it one of the saltiest bodies of water in the world. This high salt concentration allows people to float effortlessly, and the mineral-rich mud has therapeutic properties. The Dead Sea's unique geological and chemical characteristics make it a significant natural wonder.

What is Mansaf, and why is it Jordan's national dish?

Mansaf, a traditional Bedouin dish, holds the esteemed position of Jordan's national dish, deeply ingrained in the country's cultural fabric. It consists of tender lamb cooked in a fermented dried yoghurt sauce, known as jameed, and served over rice or bulgur. Topped with toasted pine nuts, Mansaf is more than just a meal; it's a symbol of Jordanian hospitality and generosity.

The dish is often served at significant social events, such as weddings, celebrations, and gatherings, signifying respect and honour. The jameed, made from sheep or goat milk, gives the dish its distinct tangy flavour.

The preparation of Mansaf is a labour-intensive process, reflecting the importance placed on sharing and community. It embodies the essence of Jordanian culture, where food is a central element of social interaction and tradition.

What are some of the most important sites in Jordan?

Jordan boasts a rich tapestry of historical and natural sites, each offering a unique glimpse into the country's heritage.

• Petra, the rose-red city, stands as a testament to the Nabataean civilisation, with its intricate structures carved into sandstone cliffs. 
• Wadi Rum, with its dramatic desert landscapes, offers an otherworldly experience, echoing the tales of Lawrence of Arabia.
• The Dead Sea, the lowest point on Earth, provides a surreal experience with its buoyant waters and therapeutic mud. Jerash, a well-preserved Roman city, showcases the grandeur of the Roman Empire.
• Amman, the capital city, blends ancient ruins with modern urban life, housing the Jordan Museum, which provides a great overview of the nation's history.
• The Jordan River, a site of religious significance, holds a prominent place in Christian history.

These sites collectively contribute to Jordan's appeal as a destination for history enthusiasts and nature lovers alike.

How long would it take to walk across Jordan?

Walking across Jordan, specifically along the Jordan Trail, takes about 40 days. This long-distance hiking trail stretches over 650 kilometres, from the northern to the southern tip of the country. The trail traverses diverse landscapes, including the lush forests of the north, the rugged mountains of the central region, and the arid deserts of the south, culminating in the stunning scenery of Petra and Wadi Rum.

Hikers experience the hospitality of local communities and witness the varied geography of the Jordan Rift Valley and beyond. The trail offers a unique perspective on Jordan's natural beauty and cultural heritage, providing a comprehensive view of the country's diverse environments. The experience offers a look into living in Jordan and the variety of the land.

What makes Amman one of the oldest cities?

Amman's claim as one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities is substantiated by its long and rich history. Archaeological evidence indicates human settlement dating back to the Neolithic period, around 7000 BC, at sites like Ain Ghazal.

The city, known as Rabbath Ammon to the Ammonites, later fell under the influence of various empires, including the Assyrians, Persians, and Greeks, who renamed it Philadelphia. The Roman Empire then incorporated it into its province of Arabia, leaving behind impressive structures such as the Roman Theatre and the Citadel. The city's strategic location along ancient trade routes contributed to its longevity.

Over centuries, Amman has witnessed the rise and fall of civilisations, each leaving its mark on the city's urban fabric. Today, it stands as a modern capital yet retains traces of its ancient past, making it a fascinating blend of old and new.

What is the significance of the statue in Amman?

The Citadel in Amman features a notable statue, often referred to as the Hercules statue or fragments thereof. This statue's significance lies in its historical and archaeological value. The remnants suggest a colossal Roman statue, likely depicting Hercules, which would have stood prominently within the Citadel complex.

The Citadel itself, a hilltop fortress, has been a strategic location for various civilizations throughout history, including the Ammonites, Romans, and Umayyads. The statue's presence indicates the importance of the Citadel during the Roman period, reflecting the empire's influence in the region.

The remaining fragments provide insights into the artistic and architectural prowess of the Romans, and their presence highlights the continuous occupation and historical layers present within Amman. The statue, therefore, serves as a tangible link to the city's ancient past and a testament to the diverse influences that have shaped Amman over millennia.

What are some essential tips for visiting Jordan?

When planning a trip to Jordan, consider several key points to ensure a smooth and enriching experience.

• Respect local customs and traditions; modest attire is recommended, especially in religious sites.
• Be mindful of cultural norms, such as accepting offers of hospitality.
• The best times to visit are spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) when temperatures are moderate.
• The Jordanian dinar (JOD) is the local currency, and credit cards are widely accepted in urban areas.
• Transportation options include taxis, buses, and rental cars.
• For safety, stay informed about local news and follow official guidelines.
• Be prepared for variations in climate, especially if visiting desert regions.
• Learning a few basic Arabic phrases can enhance interactions with locals.
• When visiting religious sites, maintain respectful behaviour. 
• Remember to try local dishes, such as Mansaf, and explore the diverse landscapes, from the Dead Sea to Wadi Rum.

We hope these facts about Jordan will inspire your travel plans and provide a deeper understanding of this fascinating country. Enjoy your journey!